留学生在写一篇Essay的时候,经常不知道开头怎么写,尤其是introduction部分,所以有些开头的模板句就出现了,比如,With the development of society/With the development of technology,people…但是这些模板小编建议大家不要使用。为了帮助大家更快更好的写出essay开头,本文小编为大家带来写作教程。
Essay开头段Introduction写作目的
开头段(Introduction),它的目的是什么呢?简单来说就是
1、介绍文章的主题Introduce the topic of the essay
2、提供主题的一般背景Give a general background of the topic
3、指出文章的总体计划Indicate the overall plan of the essay
如何能达到这个三个目的?
第一,要写一般性陈述(General statement)
这个部分主要是为了达到开头段前两个目的,介绍文章的主题(Introduce the topic of essay)和提供主题的背景(Give a general background of the topic)。一般的陈述应该随着介绍的进行而变得越来越具体,引导读者进入文章的主要观点。在雅思或者托福考试中的大作文写作,一般性陈述一般就两到三句话,第一句一般是对题目的改写,第二句是进一步的解释或者是对一些中心词汇进行定义(Definition)(如果需要的话)第三句话是你的立场从而引出你的中心观点(Position)。
下面举个关于出国留学的题目(adopted from:Eapfoundation)
Overseas study
An increasing number of students are going overseas for tertiary education.To what extent does this overseas study benefit the students?
Most people spend around fifteen years of their life in education,from primary school to university study.(A)In the past,students only had the opportunity to study in their own country.Nowadays,however,it is increasingly easy to study overseas,especially at tertiary level.(B)Tertiary education,also called post-secondary education,is the period of study spent at university.(C)As the final aspect of schooling before a person begins their working life,it is arguably the most important stage of their education.(D)
思考题:A,B,C,D四句话,分别是什么目的呢?(background,position,definition)
第二,要写中心陈述(thesis statement)
中心陈述是开头段(Introduction)里重要的部分,因为一个好的中心陈述会告诉读者你对整个问题的理解和你想要论证的观点(Argumentation),同时会告诉你的读者你文章总体的结构(Indicate the overall plan of the essay)和你将讨论哪些点。
还是用出国留学的题目举例子:
Overseas Study
An increasing number of students are going overseas for tertiary education.To what extent does this overseas study benefit the students?
While there are some undoubted benefits of this trend,such as the language environment and improved employment prospects,there is also a significant disadvantage,namely the high cost.
这个中心句告诉了我们出国留学会给我们带来两个好处(language environment/improved employment prospects),但是同时也有缺点(high cost)。所以通过这个开头段,我们知道作者很大程度上同意留学会给学生带来好处,但是不可否认的也不好的地方。
总结
在Essay写作开头段必须要有的两个部分,general statement和thesis statement。一般立场(Position)要在开头段表现出来。关于论文的立场(Position)不一定是绝对支持支持或者反对的,你也可以保持中立(sit on the fence)。但是不管怎么样你要给出你的原因,去论证为什么你有这样的立场。还是那个原则,议论文没有正确或者错误的立场,只要能自圆其说就是对的。好了,关于如何写开头段(Introduction)就到这里了。如有不懂的可以私聊小编哦!